Summer is a great time to enjoy the outdoors, but it’s important to protect your skin. Over time, unprotected or excessive sun exposure can increase the risk of developing melanoma and other forms of skin cancer.

Skin Melanoma in Iowa

Melanoma can develop anywhere on the body—including areas like the scalp, under the nails, and the soles of the feet. While less common than other types of skin cancer, melanoma is more likely to spread to other parts of the body, making early diagnosis especially important.

According to the Iowa Cancer Consortium, here in Iowa, we see higher rates of melanoma compared to many other states. In 2023 alone, there were an estimated:

  • 1,300 new cases of melanoma
  • 110 melanoma-related deaths
  • Over 12,900 melanoma survivors in our state

Iowa ranks 5th in the nation for melanoma deaths per population, and 6th for new cases—a reminder of how important prevention and early detection are. When melanoma is found early, it’s very treatable. About 84% of melanoma cases in Iowa are caught in the early stages, before the cancer has spread. Early detection can make all the difference, and there are simple steps you can take to reduce your risk while still enjoying the summer outside.

Summer Sun & Risk Factors

About 90% of melanomas are caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light—from the sun or tanning beds.

Some of the main risk factors include:

  • A history of sunburns, especially in childhood
  • Use of indoor tanning beds (which increase melanoma risk by 75% if used before age 30)
  • Fair skin, light eyes, or having many moles
  • A family history of melanoma or other skin cancers
  • A weakened immune system

How to Protect Your Skin This Summer

The best way to reduce your risk of melanoma is to protect your skin—especially during the summer months. A few easy habits can go a long way:

  • Stay out of direct sun between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m.
  • Seek shade whenever possible
  • Wear protective clothing like long sleeves, sunglasses, and wide-brimmed hats
  • Use a broad-spectrum sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher, and reapply every two hours
  • Avoid tanning beds

Know What to Look For: The ABCDEs of Melanoma

Most moles and spots on the skin are harmless. But changes in appearance can signal something more serious. Keep an eye out for these signs:

  • A – Asymmetry: One half of the mole doesn’t match the other
  • B – Border: Irregular or jagged edges
  • C – Color: Uneven color or more than one shade
  • D – Diameter: Larger than a pencil eraser
  • E – Evolving: Changes in size, shape, or color over time

Check your skin regularly, including areas that don’t get much sun. When in doubt, it’s always a good idea to get checked by a provider.

Mahaska Health Is Here for You

Knowing how to stay safe in the sun can help you and your family can enjoy the outdoors throughout the summer.

Whether you have concerns about a mole or just want to learn more about skin health, our compassionate care teams at Mahaska Health are here to help. To schedule an appointment with one of our family medicine providers, call 641-672-3360.

Protect Your Skin This Summer 1